What does the Bible say about enemies?

Short Answer

Jesus commanded: 'Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you' (Matthew 5:44). The Bible refuses vengeance (Romans 12:19), commands prayer for enemies, and points to Christ — who loved his enemies enough to die for them (Romans 5:10).

Biblical Teaching

The Bible's teaching on enemies is distinctive Christian ethics. (1) Enemies exist. The Bible is honest. David's psalms are full of them. Jesus had enemies. (2) Jesus commanded love. Matthew 5:43-48 — 'Love your enemies... pray for them which despitefully use you.' (3) Why? Because God loves his enemies — including us when we were enemies (Romans 5:10). Matthew 5:45 — reflecting God's character. (4) Vengeance belongs to God. Romans 12:19 — 'Vengeance is mine; I will repay.' (5) Concrete actions. Romans 12:20 — feed the hungry enemy. (6) Christ as model. Luke 23:34 — 'Father, forgive them.' (7) Wise boundaries permitted. Loving enemies doesn't mean enabling abuse. You can love at a safe distance.

Key Bible Passages

Matthew 5:44

But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you.

Romans 12:19-21

Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves... if thine enemy hunger, feed him... Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good.

Romans 5:10

For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son.

Proverbs 25:21-22

If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink.

Luke 23:34

Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do.

1 Peter 3:9

Not rendering evil for evil, or railing for railing: but contrariwise blessing.

Common Misconceptions

  • Loving enemies means denying they did wrong. (No — Romans 12:19 acknowledges the wrong.)
  • Loving enemies means naive vulnerability. (No — wisdom can love at a safe distance.)
  • Loving enemies means trusting them. (Love and trust are different.)
  • It's impossible. (Hard, but the Spirit produces love. Christ did it on the cross.)
  • Loving enemies excludes seeking justice. (No — Christians can seek lawful justice.)

Practical Application

Pray for enemies daily by name. Refuse vengeance. Do good when possible. Maintain wise boundaries. Remember you were God's enemy first; he loved you anyway.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does Jesus say about enemies?

Matthew 5:43-48 — 'Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you.' Reflecting God's character.

How do I love an enemy?

(1) Decide to obey. (2) Pray daily. (3) Refuse vengeance (Romans 12:19). (4) Do good when possible. (5) Maintain wise boundaries. (6) Remember Christ loved you when you were his enemy. See /how-to/love-your-enemies.

Does the Bible permit self-defense?

Most Christian traditions affirm self-defense. Romans 13:1-4 acknowledges state justice. Personal vengeance is forbidden (Romans 12:19); protection generally affirmed.

Why does God want me to love my enemies?

(1) He loves his enemies — including you (Romans 5:10). (2) It reflects his character (Matthew 5:45). (3) It breaks the cycle of vengeance. (4) It points to the gospel. (5) It transforms YOU.

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